Fresco?
The word fresco comes from the Italian word affresco which is derived from the adjective fresco ("fresh"), which has Germanic origins. There are many techniques in painting frescos. In buon, or pure, fresco, a fresh wet layer of plaster is applied to a prepared wall surface. The pigments used in the painting is mixed with water so that it soaks into the plaster. When it dries, a chemical bond fuses paint and the wall together. In another type of fresco, the paint is fused on a dry, or secco, surface with adhesive binder flakes. This method is it is not permanent. A third type, called mezzo-fresco, is painted on nearly-dry intonaco - firm enough not to take a thumb-print - so that the pigment only penetrates slightly into the plaster. By the end of the sixteenth century this had largely displaced buon fresco, and was used by painters such as Gianbattista Tiepolo. This technique had, in reduced form, the advantages of a secco work
Early Frescoes
The origin and development of the fresco are somewhat unclear, but evidence of frescoes dates back to the Minoan civilization of Crete in the second millennium BC. Frescoes are present through the Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Empires.
Painting Techniques
The fresco technique was utilized the most in Renaissance art, where buon frescoes were mostly painted. Compositions were planned well in advance and then sketched red chalk or ocher wash.
Usually, artists and assistants worked collaboratively on a fresco under a master's supervision and design. If the wall to be painted was large, artists worked on scaffolding, beginning at the top and working downwards.
http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/romeart/g/Fresco.htm
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/6981/fresco.htm
http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/arts/fresco.htm
http://www.italianfrescoes.com/
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